In order to correct unrealistic optimists’ perceived risk in line with their actual risk level, Optimistic about their risk compared to those without a review (Gerrard, Gibbons, & Warner, Sexual history (i.e., highlighting their risk-increasing behavior) became even more unrealistically For instance, one study found that those who reviewed their Information and underestimating personal relevance of health risk (Radcliffe & Klein, 2002 Unrealistic optimists tend to employ ego-protective strategies such as avoiding risk Processing and interpretation, when an individual is motivated to self-defend (Weinstein & RaisingĪwareness about overlooked personal risk factors could actually prompt defensive information Self-image (Klein, 1996 Weinstein, 1983 Weinstein & Klein, 1995 Klein & Kunda, 1993).
Informational campaigns due to serving motivations to protect and maintain a positive However, studies have shown that those with unrealistic optimism are resistant to Information that they had been unaware of or overlooked should be able to correct their Unmotivated errors in understanding the risk people face, then providing individuals with risk If unrealistic optimism results solely from these Hoorens, 1993 Weinstein & Lachendro, 1982). Selective focus on one’s (insufficient) risk-reducing factors (e.g., Weinstein, 1980, 1983 Information due to egocentrism, lack of information about other’s self-protective behaviors, and Unrealistic optimism may originate from cognitive errors in processing risk
Psychological factors that are difficult to tease apart (Weinstein & Klein, 1996), considerableĮvidence suggests that both cognitive and motivational factors contribute to the emergence of Although unrealistic optimism is thought to originate from multiple Will (a) have more risk factors and (b) have lower intentions to decrease alcoholĭifferent approaches may be required to change biased perceptions depending on the Hypothesis 1 (H1): Compared to realists and unrealistic pessimists, unrealistic optimists Of college binge drinking to provide foundations for designing interventions targeting individuals Taking precautionary or preventive actions (e.g., Kim & Niederdeppe, 2012 Klein et al., 2010).Ĭombined, the first hypothesis examines the implications of unrealistic optimism in the context Unrealistic optimism has also been associated with lower likelihood of Unrealistic optimists have more risk factors and are more likely to perform risky behaviorsĬompared to those with accurate risk perception (Dillard et al., 2006, 2009 Klein, Geaghan, & Research based on similar categorizations suggests that Higher risk than their actual risk status). Perceptions in line with their actual risk status), and unrealistic pessimists (those who perceive The present study categorizes college students into three groups depending on theĮxistence and the direction of their bias (Dillard et al., 2009): unrealistic optimists (those who perceive low risk despite their actual high risk standing), realists (those who hold accurate risk
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